• Firebird Installer

Database 'localhost:C: Program Files Firebird Firebird20 security2.fdb' The file security2.fdb is the security database, where Firebird keeps its user account details. It is located in your Firebird installation directory. Maybe your security database is a renamed security.fdb from Firebird 1.5. Of course this can't be the case immediately after installation. Someone (you?) must have put it there, in order to keep the existing accounts available.

Consult the Release Notes for instructions on how to upgrade old security databases. If the error message starts with “ Cannot attach to services manager”, the server may not be running at all. In that case, go back to and fix the problem. Calling gsec on Linux On.nix systems, if you call gsec from its own directory, you should type./gsec instead of just gsec. The current directory is usually not part of the search path, so plain gsec may either fail or launch a “ wrong” gsec. install the SYSDBA user with the password masterkey (actually, masterke: characters after the eighth are ignored), or.

ask you to enter a password during installation, or. generate a random password and store that in the file SYSDBA.password within your Firebird installation directory.

Feb 02, 2009 The last few days I've spent optimizing an application written in Delphi 2009 that talks to a Firebird database using the standard TIBDatabase. Parameters of Firebird Configuration File- Free online tutorials for Firebird (7890) courses with reference manuals and examples. Parameters of Firebird Configuration File- Free online tutorials for Firebird (7890) courses with reference manuals and examples.

If the password is masterkey and your server is exposed to the Internet at all – or even to a local network, unless you trust every user with the SYSDBA password – you should change it immediately using the gsec command-line utility. Go to a command shell, cd to the Firebird bin subdirectory and issue the following command to change the password to (as an example) icuryy4me. Security Firebird 2 offers a number of security options, designed to make unauthorised access as difficult as possible. Be warned however that some configurable security features default to the old, “ insecure” behaviour inherited from InterBase and Firebird 1.0, in order not to break existing applications. It pays to familiarise yourself with Firebird's security-related configuration parameters.

You can significantly enhance your system's security if you raise the protection level wherever possible. This is not only a matter of setting parameters, by the way: other measures involve tuning filesystem access permissions, an intelligent user accounts policy, etc.

Below are some guidelines for protecting your Firebird server and databases. Run Firebird as non-system user On Unix-like systems, Firebird already runs as user firebird by default, not as root. On Windows server platforms, you can also run the Firebird service under a designated user account (e.g. The default practice – running the service as the LocalSystem user – poses a security risk if your system is connected to the Internet. Consult README.instsvc in the doc subdir to learn more about this.

Change SYSDBA's password As discussed before, if your Firebird server is reachable from the network and the system password is masterkey, change it. Don't create user databases as SYSDBA SYSDBA is a very powerful account, with full (destructive) access rights to all your Firebird databases.

Its password should be known to a few trusted database administrators only. Therefore, you shouldn't use this super-account to create and populate regular databases. Instead, generate normal user accounts, and provide their account names and passwords to your users as needed.

You can do this with gsec as shown above, or with any third-party Firebird administration tool. Protect databases on the filesystem level Anybody who has filesystem-level read access to a database file can copy it, install it on a system under his or her own control, and extract all data from it – including possibly sensitive information.

Anybody who has filesystem-level write access to a database file can corrupt it or totally destroy it. As a rule, only the Firebird server process should have access to the database files. Users don't need, and should not have, access to the files – not even read-only. They query databases via the server, and the server makes sure that users only get the allowed type of access (if at all) to any objects within the database. Disable Classic local mode on Linux An exception to the above rule is the so-called local or embedded access mode of Firebird Classic Server on Linux.

This mode requires that users have proper access rights to the database file itself. They must also have read access to the security database security2.fdb. If this worries you, reserve filesystem access to the security database (and other databases, while you're at it) for the server process only. Users are then obliged to connect via the network layer.

However, the libfbembed. libraries should not be removed from your system, because the Firebird command-line tools refuse to run if they are not present. (Another exception is the Windows Embedded Server, but that's outside the scope of this manual.) Use database aliases Database aliases shield the client from physical database locations. Using aliases, a client can e.g. Connect to “ frodo:zappa” without having to know that the real location is frodo:/var/firebird/music/underground/mothersofinvention.fdb.

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Aliases also allow you to relocate databases while the clients keep using their existing connection strings. Aliases are listed in the file aliases.conf, in this format on Windows machines. Books = /home/bookworm/database/books.fdb zappa = /var/firebird/music/underground/mothersofinvention.fdb Giving the alias an.fdb (or any other) extension is fully optional. Of course if you do include it, you must also specify it when you use the alias to connect to the database. Restrict database access The DatabaseAccess parameter in firebird.conf can be set to Restrict to limit access to explicitly listed filesystem trees, or even to None to allow access to aliased databases only. Default is All, i.e.

No restrictions. Note that this is not the same thing as the filesystem-level access protection discussed earlier: when DatabaseAccess is anything other than All, the server will refuse to open any databases outside the defined scope even if it has sufficient rights on the database files. Choose your authentication model (2.1 only) Firebird 2.1 and higher support three authentication models when connecting to databases or using the tools. Native: The user must identify him/herself with a Firebird username and password, which the server checks against the security database. Trusted: The user is automatically identified by his OS account name. Mixed: The user either supplies a Firebird username and password, or is logged in with his OS account name. On Linux, the mixed model is used.

On Windows, the default is mixed in 2.1, 2.1.1 and 2.1.2, and native in 2.1.3 and higher. You can change the model by setting the Authentication parameter in firebird.conf. Depending on your Windows system configuration and the way Firebird is used, trusted may be the most secure option. If trusted authentication is used when the connection is made (this is possible in the trusted and mixed models), Windows administrators automatically receive SYSDBA privileges. Firebird 2.0 doesn't have the Authentication parameter. Authentication under Windows is native. There are more security parameters, but the ones not mentioned here are already set to an adequate protection level by default.

You can read about them in the 1.5 and 2.0 Release Notes and in the comments in firebird.conf itself.and download the Firebird Control Center (FBCC). Please note that, unlike the applet included with Firebird, the Firebird Control Center will not work with Classic or SuperClassic servers. This may change in the future. The current version – 0.4.2 – should work well under Windows 2000 and up. It offers the same functionality as Firebird's own applet, and more.

An older release, still downloadable at, also runs under Windows 9x, ME and NT. Adobe photoshop cs3 keygen. Notice however that these Windows versions are no longer actively supported by the Firebird project, even if the engine runs on it.

Administration tools The Firebird kit does not come with a GUI admin tool. It does have a set of command-line tools – executable programs which are located in the bin subdirectory of your Firebird installation. One of them, gsec, has already been introduced to you. The range of excellent GUI tools available for use with a Windows client machine is too numerous to describe here. A few GUI tools written in Borland Kylix, for use on Linux client machines, are also in various stages of completion. Explore the at for all of the options.